• e - ISSN No : 2832-4277
IJRTTE Logo

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RECENT TRENDS IN TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING (IJRTTE)

Dimensionality Reduction - Supervised and Unsupervised Approaches for Facial Image Recognition

Radha Seelaboyina
Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, India.
Rajeev G Vishwakarma
Professor,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dr.A.P.J. Abdul Kalam University, India .

Keywords: Eigen value, Eigen faces, hyper plane, Principle component analysis.

Abstract

Nowadays Authentication of a person using biometric traits is very common. Number of Biometric features is used for authenticating person like fingerprint, iris, face etc. Among all of them facial recognition is very much popular for authenticating person. Number of algorithms is present but all have certain pros and cons. As facial image consists of number of features so dimensionality Reduction is important steps in any facial recognition algorithm. The main focus of this paper to apply principle component analysis techniques for face recognition process. PCA gives very good results in reducing dimension. Principle Component Analysis produces eigenvectors. One combines those eigenvectors into images and then visualizes the eigen faces.
Download Certificate
Details

References

  1. Hiremath, Vinay, and Ashwini Mayakar. "Face recognition using Eigenface approach." IDT workshop on interesting results in computer science and engineering, Sweden. 2009.
  2. Jalled, Fares. "Face Recognition Machine Vision System Using Eigenfaces." arXiv preprint arXiv: 1705.02782 (2017).
  3. Torres, L., L. Lorente, and Josep Vila. "Automatic face recognition of video sequences using self-eigenfaces." In International Symposium on Image/video Communication over Fixed and Mobile Networks, Rabat (Morocco). 2000.
  4. Turk, Matthew, and Alex Pentland. "Face recognition using eigenfaces." Proceedings. 1991 IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 1991.
  5. Belhumeur, Peter N., João P. Hespanha, and David J. Kriegman. "Eigen faces vs. fisherfaces: Recognition using class specific linear projection." IEEE Transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence 19.7 (1997): 711-720.
  6. Zhang, Jun, Yong Yan, and Martin Lades. "Face recognition: eigenface, elastic matching, and neural nets." Proceedings of the IEEE 85.9 (1997): 1423-1435.
  7. Yang, M-H., Narendra Ahuja, and David Kriegman. "Face recognition using kernel eigenfaces." Proceedings 2000 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No. 00CH37101). Vol. 1. IEEE, 2000.
  8. Yang, Ming-Hsuan. "Kernel Eigen faces vs. Kernel Fisherfaces: Face Recognition Using Kernel Methods." Fgr. Vol. 2. 2002.
  9. Gunturk, Bahadir K., et al. "Eigenface-domain super-resolution for face recognition." IEEE transactions on image processing 12.5 (2003): 597-606.
  10. Pentland, Alex, Baback Moghaddam, and Thad Starner. "View-based and modular eigenspaces for face recognition." (1994).
  11. Tsalakanidou, Filareti, Dimitrios Tzovaras, and Michael G. Strintzis. "Use of depth and colour eigenfaces for face recognition." Pattern recognition letters 24.9-10 (2003): 1427-1435.
  12. Kshirsagar, V. P., M. R. Baviskar, and M. E. Gaikwad. "Face recognition using Eigen faces." 2011 3rd International Conference on Computer Research and Development. Vol. 2. IEEE, 2011.
  13. Challa Esther Varma*, Dr. Adepu Sree Lakshmi, Radha Seelaboyina & Dr. Puja Sahay Prasad, “Tourist Behaviour Analysis And Managments Algorithm Using Machine Learing& Ai”, Editorial, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 26–32, Mar. 2022.
  14. Sophisticated Embedding of Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Biomedical Engineering, Radha Seelaboyina Dr puja S prasad ,Dr G.Somasekhar, 2021/3,ch.5.1,p.237,978-981-16-6406-9,ICMISC 2021.
  15. Pathak, Rashmi, et al. "Normalization Techniques in Multi Modal Biometric." ICCCE 2019. Springer, Singapore, 2020. 425-431.
  16. Kim, Kwang In, Keechul Jung, and Hang Joon Kim. "Face recognition using kernel principal component analysis." IEEE signal processing letters 9.2 (2002): 40-42.
  17. Gottumukkal, Rajkiran, and Vijayan K. Asari. "An improved face recognition technique based on modular PCA approach." Pattern Recognition Letters 25.4 (2004): 429-436.
  18. Yang, Jian, et al. "Two-dimensional PCA: a new approach to appearance-based face representation and recognition." IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence 26.1 (2004): 131-137.
  19. Moon, Hyeonjoon, and P. Jonathon Phillips. "Computational and performance aspects of PCA-based face-recognition algorithms." Perception 30.3 (2001): 303-321.
  20. Liu, Chengjun. "Gabor-based kernel PCA with fractional power polynomial models for face recognition." IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence 26.5 (2004): 572-581.
  21. Perlibakas, Vytautas. "Distance measures for PCA-based face recognition." Pattern recognition letters 25.6 (2004): 711-724.
  22. Yang, M-H., Narendra Ahuja, and David Kriegman. "Face recognition using kernel eigenfaces." Proceedings 2000 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No. 00CH37101). Vol. 1. IEEE, 2000.
  23. Yambor, Wendy S., Bruce A. Draper, and J. Ross Beveridge. "Analyzing PCA-based face recognition algorithms: Eigenvector selection and distance measures." Empirica 1 evaluation methods in computer vision. 2002. 39-60.